The study emphasizes the significance of the rise of the Indian economy and presents analyses of the lurking threat of social and political sustainability of the present pattern of growth. It identifies the propellers of growth – resurgent Indian corporate, key sectors like telecom, automobile, pharma and civil aviation, sustained per capita income, rising middle class, favorable demographic factor, cheap labour, improved energy scenario etc.
The study examines the risks to future growth with special reference to the limitations of the IT revolution, inadequate distribution of the labour force, labour market rigidities, rickety infrastructure, fiscal constraints, weaknesses in agriculture, slow pace of the reforms, weak human resource policies, lagging states, the democratic constraints of the Indian polity and other strategic challenges.
While emphasizing that a culture of innovation is fundamental for global economic leadership, the study argues that if India is to become a technological powerhouse, then innovation incubators are essential. Incubators nurture talent among scientists and engineers and provide support during the early years of innovation when the risks of failure are the greatest. In this respect, it sites the substantial progress made by China vis-a-vis India.
The study is however, optimistic about the medium term prospects of the Indian economy and such optimism is based on the continuing strength of many positive factors especially globalization and “ catch-up ”, the demographic dividends, the rising middle class, a vibrant entrepreneurial culture, positive expectations of future economic reforms and a generally benign international economic environment.


